DIAD – Dominantly inherited Alzheimer’s Disease APP Genehigh lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk
asymptomatic
symptomatic
MCI
AD
Biological Age/Chronological Age
DIAD – Dominantly inherited Alzheimer’s Disease PSEN1high lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk
asymptomatic
symptomatic
MCI
AD
DIAD – Dominantly inherited Alzheimer’s Disease PSEN2high lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk
asymptomatic
symptomatic
MCI
AD
Down’s Syndrome with ADD due to 3 APP geneshigh lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk
asymptomatic
symptomatic
MCI
AD
ApoE4 homozygotes – EOAD Early Onset Alzheimer’s Diseasehigh lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk

asymptomatic no signs
asymptomatic with early metabolic changes
asymptomatic with neuroimmune changes
asymptomatic – other signs
symptomatic
MCI
AD

3 Stage Model

7-Stage Model (Global Deterioration Scale)

Biomarker-Based 3-Phase Model (NIA-AA 2011 Criteria)

Braak Staging Model
ApoE4 heterozygotes  with high PRS subtyped into e4:e3 or e4:e2high lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk
asymptomatic no signs
asymptomatic with early metabolic changes
neuroimmune changes
asymptomatic – other signs
symptomatic
MCI
AD
3 Stage Model

7-Stage Model (Global Deterioration Scale)

Biomarker-Based 3-Phase Model (NIA-AA 2011 Criteria)

Braak Staging Model
ApoE4 heterozygotes  with low PRS
subtyped in e4:e3 or e4:e2
high lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk
asymptomatic no signs
asymptomatic with early metabolic changes
neuroimmune changes
asymptomatic – other signs
symptomatic
MCI
AD
3 Stage Model

7-Stage Model (Global Deterioration Scale)

Biomarker-Based 3-Phase Model (NIA-AA 2011 Criteria)

Braak Staging Model
NonApoE4 with high PRShigh lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk
asymptomatic
symptomatic
MCI
AD
3 Stage Model

7-Stage Model (Global Deterioration Scale)

Biomarker-Based 3-Phase Model (NIA-AA 2011 Criteria)

Braak Staging Model
NonApoe4 with low PRShigh lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk
asymptomatic
symptomatic
MCI
AD
3 Stage Model

7-Stage Model (Global Deterioration Scale)

Biomarker-Based 3-Phase Model (NIA-AA 2011 Criteria)

Braak Staging Model
Post Herpes Zoster outbreak connected ADhigh lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk
asymptomatic
symptomatic
MCI
AD
Recurrent Herpes Simplex connected ADhigh lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk
asymptomatic
symptomatic
MCI
AD
Viral or Bacterial cerebral infection connected ADhigh lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk
asymptomatic
symptomatic
MCI
AD
Sporadic recessively inherited AD – SORL1high lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk
asymptomatic
symptomatic
MCI
AD
Sporadic recessively inherited AD – TREM2high lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk
asymptomatic
symptomatic
MCI
AD
Mixed Dementia includes all cases that involve -Alzheimer’s Disease andhigh lifestyle risk
low lifestyle risk
asymptomatic
symptomatic
MCI
AD
FTD-frontotemporal lobe dementia,
LBD -Lewey body disease – Parkinson’s Disease,
ALS – Amyotropic Lateral Scerosis,
CAA- Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, LATE –
LATE – Limbic-predominant Age-related TDP-43 Encephalopathy,
Prion Diseases
Vascular Dementia
Loss of Type I nNOS excitatory Neurons, Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis
Substance Use Disorder