{"id":4885,"date":"2019-06-01T15:50:31","date_gmt":"2019-06-01T22:50:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.telemedical.com\/wordpress\/?page_id=4885"},"modified":"2020-10-04T05:08:28","modified_gmt":"2020-10-04T12:08:28","slug":"luca-general","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.telemedical.com\/wordpress\/books\/origin-of-life-an-astrobiological-synthesis-of-physics-molecular-biology-and-geobiology\/the-physics-and-biochemistry-of-life\/lifes-transitions\/luca-general\/","title":{"rendered":"Last Universal Common Ancestor = LUCA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The ancestor of <\/a>Akaryotes=Prokaryotes an<\/a>d Viruses evolved on or within Water World Moonlets or Protoplanetary bodies. Early Prokaryotes futher <\/a>evolved into the archaeal and bacterial kingdoms.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Mixtures of Nutrients and Cofactors evolved into  Metabolic Networks consisting of  GADV-Proteins<\/a>, PAHs<\/a>  and subsequently  Peptide-RNA polymers <\/a>or RNA only<\/a> . These polymers evolved within  Montmorillonite<\/a> Clay, Iron-Sulfur<\/a>,  and \/or Zinc precipitated environments on hydrothermal vents within proto-earth , planetismals, or inside  cosmic spherules . It is unclear if the Polymer worlds evolved from a  metabolism first<\/a> , replicon first<\/a> and\/or hybrid <\/a>network .<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

RNA based life most likely evolved prior to DNA based life.   Nucleobases for RNA\/DNA  include purines  (ie,  adenine, inosine, and guanine ) that hydrogen bond with pyrimidines ( cytosine, thymine, and uracil ) and   polymerize with ribose or other precursors to form ProtoRNA strand and  hairpin loops .  Deamination of adenine with NO (Nitric Oxide bubbled up from Dissolved Iron reacting with Water and Nitrous Oxide) produces inosine  while deamination of cytosine with NO produces uracil .  Gas bubbles created the first protocells containing concentrated concentrations of nucleobases within lipid membranes micells.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Current evidence exists for the presence of  life on Earth  4.2 Billion years ago.  There are also theoretical calculations which propose  that the Last universal common ancestor of cellular life (LUCA) had  DNA sequences which would  require an origin of the genetic code to have been 9.7 \u00b1 2.7 billion years ago<\/a>. (longer than the existence of earth)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Cellular Life responds to destructive forces (physical and biological) by activating mobile genetic elements<\/a> to create protective \/defensive proteins and RNA.  Mobile Genetic Elements are agents of Darwinian variation  and they interact with  hosts,  infectious predators and cosmic-climatic-geochemical events. Continuous interaction promotes consortia development  between mobile elements and their hosts  resulting in the evolution of   complex organisms and ecosystems. Koonin’s model views these forces as  being driven by parasite\/anti defense systems  or the availability of resources “public goods”.<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The ancestor of Akaryotes=Prokaryotes and Viruses evolved on or within Water World Moonlets or Protoplanetary bodies. Early Prokaryotes futher evolved into the archaeal and bacterial kingdoms. Mixtures of Nutrients and Cofactors evolved into  Metabolic Networks consisting of  GADV-Proteins, PAHs  and subsequently  Peptide-RNA polymers or RNA only . These polymers evolved within  Montmorillonite Clay, Iron-Sulfur,  and \/or Zinc precipitated […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":4483,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4885","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.telemedical.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4885","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.telemedical.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.telemedical.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.telemedical.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.telemedical.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4885"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.telemedical.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4885\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.telemedical.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4483"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.telemedical.com\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4885"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}